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Exploring the Universe by Touch

Editor's Choice Noreen Grice’s Braille Astronomy Books Open Night Sky to the Blind

Oct 14, 2008 Andrew Leibs

Grice's latest book, Touch the Invisible Sky, uses tactile diagrams, high-contrast color, and large print to make the galaxy accessible to the blind and sight impaired.

Unless viewed using special telescopes, most of the universe is invisible. Yet conceptualizing the differing wavelengths of x-rays or ultraviolet light is much easier for those who can see.

Despite astronomy’s highly visual nature, Noreen Grice, an astronomer and accessibility specialist at Boston's Museum of Science Hayden Planetarium, has created another in her series of tactile books designed especially for blind and visually impaired students.

Disappointment expressed by a group of blind students visiting the planetarium in 1984 inspired Grace to find a way to enable blind people to explore the heavens by touch. Her first book, Touch the Stars [1990] was a breakthrough of sorts in blind literacy, employing tactile images to represent constellations and the proportions and spatial relations among celestial bodies.

Grice, who founded You Can Do It Astronomy, continued the series with Touch the Universe [2002], Touch the Sun [2005], and her latest, Touch the Invisible Sky [2008], all three published as NASA braille books by Joseph Henry Press.

Tactile Illustrations Enable Blind Readers to Explore the Universe

What makes Grice’s books groundbreaking is how their innovative use of tactile representations can lead to understanding for blind readers. As the series has progressed, graphic quality has improved, from hand-carved images on plastic pages, to raised dot formations from a braille printer, to those in her latest book, which are acrylic overlays superimposed on high-contrast color images.

Grice’s books include tactile representations of:

  • Constellations
  • Comets
  • Meteor showers
  • Solar and lunar eclipses
  • Moon phases
  • Saturn’s Rings
  • Jupiter’s Great Red Spot
  • X-rays
  • Infrared and ultraviolet light
  • Radio and electromagnetic waves.

Noreen Grice’s Touch the Invisible Sky Illustrates What No One Can See

Grice’s latest book, Touch the Invisible Sky, takes accessible astronomy a step further with tactile illustrations of rays and light waves (using images from the Hubble, Chandra, and Spitzer space telescopes) that no human can see.

The book’s multi-format construction makes it equally accessible to all readers by combining:

  • Tactile diagrams, done in clear acrylic overlay, which feature raised outlines and textures superimposed on images to indicate how the objects appear with respect to wavelength
  • Concise text explains what each image shows, and describes how the different types of telescopes capture the images
  • Large print and high-resolution color images that can be viewed as well as felt.

On her website, Grice says, “I believe that people who read visually or by touch can learn together if science education is accessible. I am committed to creating new universally designed books, products and methods to change the way people learn!”

Touch the Invisible Sky (written with Simon Steel and Doris Daou) is funded by NASA, which is distributing free copies to U.S. schools and training centers for the blind, state libraries with astronomy collections, and the Library of Congress.

Noreen Grice Bibliography

Touch The Stars, Museum of Science, Boston, 1990, 1993, 1998

Touch The Stars II, National Braille Press, 2002

Touch The Universe: A NASA Braille Book, Joseph Henry Press, 2002

Touch The Sun, A NASA Braille Book, Joseph Henry Press, 2005

The Little Moon Phase Book, Ozone Publishing, 2005

El Pequeno Libro de las Fases de la Luna, Ozone Publishing, 2005

Touch the Invisible Sky: A Multi-Wavelength Braille Book Featuring Tactile NASA Images, Ozone Publishing, 2008

The copyright of the article Exploring the Universe by Touch in Special Needs Education is owned by Andrew Leibs. Permission to republish Exploring the Universe by Touch in print or online must be granted by the author in writing.
Noreer Grice's Books Bring Astronomy to the Blind, Science @ NASA Noreer Grice's Books Bring Astronomy to the Blind
Cover Art For Grice's  Touch the Invisible Sky, Science @ NASA Cover Art For Grice's Touch the Invisible Sky
One of the Book's High-Contrast Color Photos , Science @ NASA One of the Book's High-Contrast Color Photos
Noreen Grice Helping Blind Students, You Can Do Astronomy, LLC Noreen Grice Helping Blind Students
   
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